Stop-and-Wait Error Control

Stop-and-Wait is a straightforward error control protocol where the transmitter sends one frame and waits for an acknowledgment before sending the next frame.

Stop and Wait

• Process:
  • Transmitter sends a frame.
  • Waits for acknowledgment:
    • Positive Acknowledgment (ACK): Proceed to send the next frame.
    • Negative Acknowledgment (NAK): Retransmit the same frame.
• Simplicity: This method is easy to implement but can be inefficient due to waiting times.